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Monaco's cathedral (officially the Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate)
but often called Saint Nicholas Cathedral, is the spiritual and historical heart of the Principality. Located on "The Rock" (Monaco-Ville), it serves as both the mother church of the Archdiocese and the final resting place for the Grimaldi royal family.
The construction of Monaco's cathedral was a major 19th-century project that transformed the religious landscape of the Principality. It was built between 1875 and 1903 and officially consecrated on 11 June 1911.
For over 500 years, the site was occupied by the Church of Saint Nicholas, Monaco’s first parish church completed in 1321.
1874: Demolition of the original 13th-century Saint Nicholas church began to make room for the new structure.
6 January 1875: Prince Charles III laid the foundation stone. Traditionally, medals with the Prince's effigy and a parchment record of the ceremony were placed inside the stone.
1886: Although only two-thirds complete, the building was sufficiently advanced to hold its first religious services.
12 November 1903: Construction was officially completed under the reign of Prince Albert I.
1911–1912: Following the completion of final interior fittings and stained glass, the cathedral was solemnly consecrated.
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